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Historically, cryptography has been used in early ages. War has played a big role of improving this discipline. One of the well known encryption and decryption algorithms has been used by Julius Caesar in his private correspondence. The encryption was simply done by shifting letters down the alphabets three times, so A will be converted to D and B to E and Z to C and so on. Only the receiver of the latter knows the shifting numbers. In addition the first computer in the world which was the size of a big room has been invented in Manchester, England solely to break the German Enigma code. The existence of this computer was a top secret.