how to compile device driver program

[pnpvivek]

hello friend,
I am new to linux .i have to compile a device driver program and this is the program.

#include<linux/init.h>
#include<linux/module.h>
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");

static int hello_init(void)
{
printk(KERN_ALERT "Hello,world\n");
return 0;
}

static void hello_exit(void)
{
printk(KERN_ALERT "Goodbye,cruel world\n");
}

module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);

i don't know how to compile this program,If i try to compile it i got error during compilation...so plz tell me the steps to compile the device driver program........
THANK YOU,
VIVEK.

[cbogdan]

For example (compile as a module):

gcc -DMODULE -D__KERNEL__ -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O6 -c program.c

But keep in mind to verify that the source code for your current kernel version is installed (if you don't have a /usr/include/linux/version.h file -> cd /usr/src/linux; make include/linux/version.h)

[pnpvivek]

Hi,
Thank you for your quick reply. I am using ubuntu linux 7.10. I installed linux-headers-2.6.22-14-generic and linux-headers-2.6.22-14. For this where can i get the kernel source code and what is the procedure to install the source code. please let me know the details.

thanks in advance
vivek

[ypankaj]

Hi Vivek,

You can easily download source code from The Linux Kernel Archives.
Download the stable version and compile it on your ubuntu machine.

See this link for beginning your module programming : http://www.faqs.org/docs/kernel/

and also try to use Makefiles instead of writing all command on terminal.

I think that helps you...!!

Thanks,
Pankaj.

[pnpvivek]

hai,

I tried to compile my program. but i got an error. i don't know the problem exactly. I include my makefile and error also.

This is my makefile

TARGET := module
WARN := -W -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes
INCLUDE := -isystem /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/include
CFLAGS := -O2 -DMODULE -D__KERNEL__ ${WARN} ${INCLUDE}
CC := gcc

${TARGET}.o: ${TARGET}.c

.PHONY: clean

clean: rm -rf ${TARGET}.o


This is the error output


sundar@ubuntu2:~/driver$ make
gcc -O2 -DMODULE -D__KERNEL__ -W -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -isystem /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/include -c -o module.o module.c
In file included from /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/asm/thread_info.h:16,
from /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/linux/thread_info.h:21,
from /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/linux/preempt.h:9,
from /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/linux/spinlock.h:49,
from /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/linux/module.h:9,
from module.c:2:
/lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/asm/processor.h:83: error: ‘CONFIG_X86_L1_CACHE_SHIFT’ undeclared here (not in a function)
/lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/asm/processor.h:83: error: requested alignment is not a constant
In file included from /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/linux/module.h:21,
from module.c:2:
/lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/build/include/asm/module.h:64:2: error: #error unknown processor family
make: *** [module.o] Error 1
sundar@ubuntu2:~/driver$

Please let me know the exact problem and how to solve this problem


Regards
vivek

[ypankaj]

Are you did this:
ln -s /usr/src/linux/include/ /lib/modules/2.6XXXXX/build/

This creates a symbolic link of a directory "include" within "build" pointing to /usr/src/linux/include/.

Thanks,
Pankaj.

[pnpvivek]

hai Mr Pankaj,

I did that step. but the same error is continuing.

Regards
vivek