makefile error for procfile system

hello friends
i write a module related to proc file system, but when i compile it i got error message that is given below. how can i overcome this error?? my kernel version is 2.6.9.pls help me anyone.......
regards shabeer


make -C /lib/modules/2.6.9-5.EL/build M=/home/shabeer/dd modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.9-5.EL-i686'
CC [M] /home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.o
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c: In function `init_module':
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:83: error: stray '\226' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:83: error: stray '\136' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:83: error: stray '\146' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:85: error: stray '\226' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:85: error: stray '\136' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:85: error: stray '\146' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:85: error: `read_proc' undeclared (first use in this function)
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:85: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:85: error: for each function it appears in.)
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:86: error: stray '\226' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:86: error: stray '\136' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:86: error: stray '\146' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:86: error: `owner' undeclared (first use in this function)
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:87: error: stray '\226' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:87: error: stray '\136' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:87: error: stray '\146' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:87: error: `mode' undeclared (first use in this function)
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:88: error: stray '\226' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:88: error: stray '\136' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:88: error: stray '\146' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:88: error: `uid' undeclared (first use in this function)
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:89: error: stray '\226' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:89: error: stray '\136' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:89: error: stray '\146' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:89: error: `gid' undeclared (first use in this function)
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:90: error: stray '\226' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:90: error: stray '\136' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:90: error: stray '\146' in program
/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.c:90: error: `size' undeclared (first use in this function)
make[2]: *** [/home/shabeer/dd/procfs1.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_module_/home/shabeer/dd] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.9-5.EL-i686'
make: *** [default] Error 2

Hi Shabeer,

There must be an error in your source file please check your source file and let me know.

hi
if ur code is under GPL please put it in forum i will try my best to fix up the bug

regards,
kingraja.

hello
actually the code is nothing but i copied from the Peter Jay Salzman,s "The linux kernel Moduule programming guide and that code is given below


#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <linux/module.h> /* Specifically, a module */
#include <linux/kernel.h> /* We're doing kernel work */
#include <linux/proc_fs.h> /* Necessary because we use the proc fs */
#define procfs_name "helloworld"

struct proc_dir_entry *Our_Proc_File;

procfile_read(char *buffer,char **buffer_location,off_t offset, int buffer_length, int *eof, void *data)
{
int ret;
printk(KERN_INFO "procfile_read (/proc/%s) called\n", procfs_name);
if (offset > 0) {
ret = 0;
}
else
{
ret = sprintf(buffer, "HelloWorld!\n");
}
return ret;
}
static int __init proc_init(void)
{
Our_Proc_File = create_proc_entry(procfs_name, 0644, NULL);
if (Our_Proc_File == NULL) {
remove_proc_entry(procfs_name, &proc_root);
printk(KERN_ALERT "Error: Could not initialize /proc/%s\n",procfs_name);
return −ENOMEM;
}
Our_Proc_File−>read_proc = procfile_read;
Our_Proc_File−>owner = THIS_MODULE;
Our_Proc_File−>mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUGO;
Our_Proc_File−>uid = 0;
Our_Proc_File−>gid = 0;
Our_Proc_File−>size = 37;
printk(KERN_INFO "/proc/%s created\n", procfs_name);
return 0; /* everything is ok */
}

static void __exit proc_exit(void)
{
remove_proc_entry(procfs_name, &proc_root);
printk(KERN_INFO "/proc/%s removed\n", procfs_name);
}

module_init(proc_init);
module_exit(proc_exit);

hi,
The way u make this proc file is different ,the errors what u got is because ur doing just "cc to the module" which inturn is looking for main & init,exit cant be understood even the headers

so please come back with ur make.

Hi Shabeer ,

I gone thru your source code and found that you have not copied the correctly,

Here is the code ....
procfs1.c


#include <linux/module.h> /* Specifically, a module */
#include <linux/kernel.h> /* We're doing kernel work */
#include <linux/proc_fs.h> /* Necessary because we use the proc fs */
#include <asm/uaccess.h> /* for copy_from_user */

#define PROCFS_MAX_SIZE 1024
#define PROCFS_NAME "buffer1k"

static struct proc_dir_entry *Our_Proc_File;

static char procfs_buffer[PROCFS_MAX_SIZE];

static unsigned long procfs_buffer_size = 0;

int
procfile_read(char *buffer, char **buffer_location, off_t offset,
int buffer_length, int *eof, void *data)

{
int ret;

printk(KERN_INFO "procfile_read (/proc/%s) called\n", PROCFS_NAME);
if (offset > 0) {
/* we have finished to read, return 0 */
ret = 0;
} else {
/* fill the buffer, return the buffer size */
memcpy(buffer, procfs_buffer, procfs_buffer_size);
ret = procfs_buffer_size;
}
return ret;
}


int procfile_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer, unsigned long count, void *data)
{
/* get buffer size */
procfs_buffer_size = count;
if (procfs_buffer_size > PROCFS_MAX_SIZE ) {

procfs_buffer_size = PROCFS_MAX_SIZE;
}

/* write data to the buffer */
if ( copy_from_user(procfs_buffer, buffer, procfs_buffer_size) ) {

return -EFAULT;
}

return procfs_buffer_size;
}



int init_module()
{
/* create the /proc file */
Our_Proc_File = create_proc_entry(PROCFS_NAME, 0644, NULL);

if (Our_Proc_File == NULL) {

remove_proc_entry(PROCFS_NAME, &proc_root);
printk(KERN_ALERT "Error: Could not initialize /proc/%s\n", PROCFS_NAME);
return -ENOMEM;
}
Our_Proc_File->read_proc = procfile_read;
Our_Proc_File->write_proc = procfile_write;
Our_Proc_File->owner = THIS_MODULE;
Our_Proc_File->mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUGO;
Our_Proc_File->uid = 0;
Our_Proc_File->gid = 0;
Our_Proc_File->size = 37;
printk(KERN_INFO "/proc/%s created\n", PROCFS_NAME);
return 0; /* everything is ok */
}



void cleanup_module()
{
remove_proc_entry(PROCFS_NAME, &proc_root);
printk(KERN_INFO "/proc/%s removed\n", PROCFS_NAME);
}



Now execute this code , i am sure it should work this time.

Your makefile would be like this....




obj-m += procfs1.o

all:
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.15-28-amd64-xeon/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.15-28-amd64-xeon/build M=$(PWD) clean

Hi Shabeer ,

I gone thru your source code and found that you have not copied the correctly,

Here is the code ....
procfs1.c


#include <linux/module.h> /* Specifically, a module */
#include <linux/kernel.h> /* We're doing kernel work */
#include <linux/proc_fs.h> /* Necessary because we use the proc fs */
#include <asm/uaccess.h> /* for copy_from_user */

#define PROCFS_MAX_SIZE 1024
#define PROCFS_NAME "buffer1k"

static struct proc_dir_entry *Our_Proc_File;

static char procfs_buffer[PROCFS_MAX_SIZE];

static unsigned long procfs_buffer_size = 0;

int
procfile_read(char *buffer, char **buffer_location, off_t offset,
int buffer_length, int *eof, void *data)

{
int ret;

printk(KERN_INFO "procfile_read (/proc/%s) called\n", PROCFS_NAME);
if (offset > 0) {
/* we have finished to read, return 0 */
ret = 0;
} else {
/* fill the buffer, return the buffer size */
memcpy(buffer, procfs_buffer, procfs_buffer_size);
ret = procfs_buffer_size;
}
return ret;
}


int procfile_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer, unsigned long count, void *data)
{
/* get buffer size */
procfs_buffer_size = count;
if (procfs_buffer_size > PROCFS_MAX_SIZE ) {

procfs_buffer_size = PROCFS_MAX_SIZE;
}

/* write data to the buffer */
if ( copy_from_user(procfs_buffer, buffer, procfs_buffer_size) ) {

return -EFAULT;
}

return procfs_buffer_size;
}



int init_module()
{
/* create the /proc file */
Our_Proc_File = create_proc_entry(PROCFS_NAME, 0644, NULL);

if (Our_Proc_File == NULL) {

remove_proc_entry(PROCFS_NAME, &proc_root);
printk(KERN_ALERT "Error: Could not initialize /proc/%s\n", PROCFS_NAME);
return -ENOMEM;
}
Our_Proc_File->read_proc = procfile_read;
Our_Proc_File->write_proc = procfile_write;
Our_Proc_File->owner = THIS_MODULE;
Our_Proc_File->mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUGO;
Our_Proc_File->uid = 0;
Our_Proc_File->gid = 0;
Our_Proc_File->size = 37;
printk(KERN_INFO "/proc/%s created\n", PROCFS_NAME);
return 0; /* everything is ok */
}



void cleanup_module()
{
remove_proc_entry(PROCFS_NAME, &proc_root);
printk(KERN_INFO "/proc/%s removed\n", PROCFS_NAME);
}



Now execute this code , i am sure it should work this time.

Your makefile would be like this....




obj-m += procfs1.o

all:
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.15-28-amd64-xeon/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.15-28-amd64-xeon/build M=$(PWD) clean



Cheers,
Vijay.

hi vijay,
till now i dont clear this error.I Copy ur program and compile it the same error occure.Also i use pentium processor and my Makefile is shown below


************************************************** *******************************8
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
obj-m := procfs11.o
else
KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)

default:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules

endif
************************************************** ***************************
is der any problem with this makefile?
Thans for ur valuable replay

Your makefile isn't proper, the name of your c file is procfs1.c and in your makefile you're trying to make procfs11.o instead of procfs1.o.

Try this makefile and use real tabs (!) before the make commandos:

Code:

---

obj-m += procfs1.o

all:
        make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules

clean:
        make −C /lib/modules/$(shell uname −r)/build M=$(PWD) clean

---

And please place your code between code tags next time, thats easier for others to read.

Regards

Thankyou friends i got the output