Your requirements for 'anon-proxy' and 'available for Debian' don't seem to mesh.
I'd describe an anonymous proxy as a web proxy far from you, owned by someone else that doesn't require you to login and keeps no logs of who uses it. Not something you'd be able to download and install at home, and because of http standards, not something that would be incompatible with anything.
On the other hand, there is something called
privoxy that modifies your web traffic to hide details such as your browser id. It strips out cookies, adverts and a whole lot more to make it more difficult to track you consistently. If you do mean something like this, then I'm pretty sure it's in the Debian repositories.
Let us know how you get on,
Chris...