Cross-Platform Compiling Problem (-m32 flag)

[RobinVossen]

Hello All,

I have an odd thing.
And thats the following:

I entered: gcc raw.c -m32 -g -static -o raw

And I got:

In file included from /usr/include/features.h:371:0,
from /usr/include/sys/socket.h:24,
from raw.c:2:
/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.

How do I fix this..?
I installed all bin32 libs I am on a x64 system.

Cheers,
Robin

[Rubberman]

You are missing the header file, gnu/stubs-32.h. That should be in the standard header path, so something/someone has either moved or deleted it. You may need to reinstall your compiler suite.

[RobinVossen]

Hey, thanks well Currently I am trying to reinstall all these packages.

 - lib32-glibc  
 - lib32-libstdc++5 
 - lib32-glibc-devel 
 - gcc 
 - gcc-libs 
 - cross32-gcc
 - cross32-binutils
 - lib32-gcc-libs

However I doubt It works. I think I am missing an package.
So, what package do I miss..? Or is there any compiler flags I am missing..?

Thanks =)

[Rubberman]

You are cross-compiling on what type of system (such as x86) for what target system? The -m32 just tells the compiler that you are building for a 32-bit environment, which is why it is trying to include the qnu/stubs-32.h; however, you haven't specified a target architecture, so the default would be for the same as you are building on.

[RobinVossen]

Ok, well that does kinda make sense.
I thought that -m32 did that.

% gcc raw.c  --target=elf_i386 -m32 -g -static -o raw
cc1: error: unrecognized command line option "-ftarget=elf_i386"
% uname -a
Linux cocytus 2.6.33-ARCH #1 SMP PREEMPT Sun May 2 10:40:03 CEST 2010 x86_64 Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU T4400 @ 2.20GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux

So I did read the manual and some docs online and I figured I'd have to use the command target.
I tried to use x86, i686 and the one it says over there..

I just really need the 32bit version of this app. :/

Thanks =) already for the help.!

[drl]

Hi.

The man page for the version of gcc that I use, gcc (Debian 4.3.2-1.1) 4.3.2, does not mention

--target= ...

it does mention a stand-alone option:

--target-help

and

       -b machine
           The argument machine specifies the target machine for compilation.

Here is my validation script for 32-bit compile, link, execute on a 64-bit platform, along with a short history of what I installed to get the 32-bit environment:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# @(#) s1	Demonstrate 32-bit compile, link, execute in 64-bit environment.

# Infrastructure details, environment, commands for forum posts. 
set +o nounset
LC_ALL=C ; LANG=C ; export LC_ALL LANG
echo ; echo "Environment: LC_ALL = $LC_ALL, LANG = $LANG"
echo "(Versions displayed with local utility \"version\")"
c=$( ps | grep $$ | awk '{print $NF}' )
version >/dev/null 2>&1 && s=$(_eat $0 $1) || s=""
[ "$c" = "$s" ] && p="$s" || p="$c"
version >/dev/null 2>&1 && version "=o" $p specimen gcc ldd
apt-cache policy binutils | head -2
set -o nounset
echo

FILE=${1-hi.c}

# Sample file, with head & tail as a last resort.
specimen 7 $FILE \
|| { head -5 $FILE ; echo " --" ; tail -5 $FILE; }

echo
echo " Results:"
gcc -m32 $FILE
./a.out

echo
echo " file a.out:"
file a.out

echo
echo " Libraries used:"
ldd a.out

echo
echo " /lib32 points to:"
ls -ld /lib32

echo
echo " Sample of items in /emul/ia32-linux/usr/lib/:"
ls -1 /emul/ia32-linux/usr/lib/ |
specimen 7 

echo
echo " Type of selected items, crt1.o, libc.so.6:"
file /emul/ia32-linux/usr/lib/crt1.o
file -L /lib32/libc.so.6

echo
echo " Diary: installed 32-bit compatibility items:"
cat <<-EOF
        apt-get install ia32-libs
        apt-get install lib32stdc++6
        apt-get install libc6-dev-i386
        apt-get install gcc-multilib
        apt-get install g++-multilib
        apt-get install libstdc++5

As noted in (except libstdc++5):

http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/using-intel-compilers-for-linux-with-ubuntu/
EOF

exit 0

producing:

% ./s1

Environment: LC_ALL = C, LANG = C
(Versions displayed with local utility "version")
OS, ker|rel, machine: Linux, 2.6.26-2-amd64, x86_64
Distribution        : Debian GNU/Linux 5.0 
GNU bash 3.2.39
specimen (local) 1.17
gcc (Debian 4.3.2-1.1) 4.3.2
ldd (GNU libc) 2.7
binutils:
  Installed: 2.18.1~cvs20080103-7

Whole: 7:0:7 of 7 lines in file "hi.c"
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
	printf(" Hello, world from c.\n");
	return( 0 );
}

 Results:
 Hello, world from c.

 file a.out:
a.out: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, not stripped

 Libraries used:
	linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0xf7fd6000)
	libc.so.6 => /lib32/libc.so.6 (0xf7e71000)
	/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xf7fd7000)

 /lib32 points to:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 May 27  2009 /lib32 -> /emul/ia32-linux/lib

 Sample of items in /emul/ia32-linux/usr/lib/:
Edges: 7:0:7 of 347 lines in file "-"
AuErrorDB
Mcrt1.o
Scrt1.o
crt1.o
crti.o
crtn.o
directfb-1.0-0
   ---
libz.so.1
libz.so.1.2.3.3
odbc
pkgconfig
sane
sasl2
ssl

 Type of selected items, crt1.o, libc.so.6:
/emul/ia32-linux/usr/lib/crt1.o: ELF 32-bit LSB relocatable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, not stripped
/lib32/libc.so.6: ELF 32-bit LSB shared object, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, stripped

 Diary: installed 32-bit compatibility items:
        apt-get install ia32-libs
        apt-get install lib32stdc++6
        apt-get install libc6-dev-i386
        apt-get install gcc-multilib
        apt-get install g++-multilib
        apt-get install libstdc++5

As noted in (except libstdc++5):

http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/using-intel-compilers-for-linux-with-ubuntu/

Best wishes ... cheers, drl

[RobinVossen]

Thanks for pointing me the right way.
I had to tweak the script a little (as I dont have a Debian Based distro)
But it works. (well kinda)