C++ Compilation Error

[fsshl]

dear linux user/programer with c++: my name is eric, when I use most current g++ 4.3.3 on ubuntu to test 2 simple c++ programs, one have compiler error,
--------------------
// formore.cpp -- more looping with for

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

const int ArSize = 16; // example of external declaration

int main()

{

double factorials[ArSize];

factorials[1] = factorials[0] = 1.0;

// int i;

for (int i = 2; i < ArSize; i++)

factorials[i] = i * factorials[i-1];

for (i = 0; i < ArSize; i++)

cout << i << "! = " << factorials[i] << endl;

return 0;

}
--------------------------------------------------------
eric@eric-laptop:~/Documents/c++primerplus/download/ch05$ g++ formore.cpp
formore.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
formore.cpp:12: error: name lookup of ‘i’ changed for ISO ‘for’ scoping
formore.cpp:12: note: (if you use ‘-fpermissive’ G++ will accept your code)
--------------------------
or even more simpler
--------
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main () {



for (int i=0; i<5; i++)
cout << "C++ know loops.\n";

cout << i << endl;


return(0);
}
--------------------
eric@eric-laptop:~$ g++ try.c++
try.c++: In function ‘int main()’:
try.c++:11: error: name lookup of ‘i’ changed for ISO ‘for’ scoping
try.c++:11: note: (if you use ‘-fpermissive’ G++ will accept your code)
------------------

--------------------
the other is OK
---------------
// bigstep.cpp -- count as directed

#include <iostream>

int main()

{

using namespace std;

cout << "Enter an integer: ";

int by;

cin >> by;

cout << "Counting by " << by << "s:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i = i + by)

cout << i << endl;

return 0;

}
-----------------------
eric@eric-laptop:~/Documents/c++primerplus/download/ch05$ g++ bigstep.cpp
eric@eric-laptop:~/Documents/c++primerplus/download/ch05$ ./a.out
------------
but you can see both programs, their for loop are very similar(or the same)
for (int i=0
but why first , and second programs can not compile
but
the third one is OK
?
please advice, thanks in advance your effort and time, fsshl@luxmail.com

[markcole]

Becasue in the first two, you use the second "i" without typing it and it is out of the scope of the previous for loop.

If you bracket your for loops, you can clearly see it is out of scope.

for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
{
     //in scope
     cout << i;
}

//not in scope
cout << i;

[Rubberman]

Please don't expect help with homework assignments in these forums. It is not allowed per forum usage rules. I apologize if this is not a school homework thing, but just you trying to learn C++. Please clarify your situation.

[Rubberman]

Your code:

for (int i = 2; i < ArSize; i++)

factorials[i] = i * factorials[i-1];

for (i = 0; i < ArSize; i++)

cout << i << "! = " << factorials[i] << endl;

Rewritten with explicit scoping and indentation for readability:

for (int i = 2; i < ArSize; i++)
{
    factorials[i] = i * factorials[i-1];
}
for (i = 0; i < ArSize; i++)
{
    cout << i << "! = " << factorials[i] << endl;
}

Note that in the second loop, the variable 'i' does not have a type specified. In standard C++, loop variables (variables declared inside the ()) are local to the loop and are not visible outside of it. So, in the case of the second loop, 'i' has not been declared, so the compiler gave you the error you saw.